Circular mapping recordings in a persistent left superior vena cava during atrial tachycardia: Was isolation achieved?

Circular mapping recordings in a persistent left superior vena cava during atrial tachycardia: Was isolation achieved?

Case presentation A 56-year-old woman was referred for recurrence of symptomatic paroxysmal AF and AT after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Preprocedure imaging demonstrated the presence of a PLSVC. Reconnection of right superior and right inferior pulmonary veins (PV) was observed, and both veins were successfully reisolated. Postisolation, AF initiated spontaneously multiple times. During map...

Left Atrial Drainage of a Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava

Although the most common form of the persistent left superior vena cava anomaly is usually clinically silent and often discovered incidentally, the risk of developing cyanosis, heart failure, and embolic cerebrovascular events is high among cases where the anomaly causes a right to left shunt. A rare case of persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium through the superior l...

Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava

Persistent left superior vena cava

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the most common congenital malformation of thoracic venous return and is present in 0.3 to 0.5% of individuals in the general population. This heart specimen was dissected from a 35-year-old male cadaver whose cause of death was determined as non-cardiac. The heart was examined and we found a PLSVC draining into the coronary sinus. The right superio...

A persistent left superior vena cava.

Persistent left superior vena cava is the most common form of anomalous venous drainage involving the superior vena cava, and represents persistence of the left horn of the embryonic sinus venosus, which normally involutes during normal development to become the coronary sinus. Almost always, a persistent left superior vena cava enters the right atrium through the orifice of an enlarged coronar...